Dark Matter: from an historical perspective to recent results and prospects

 Colloquium

  Dark Matter: from an historical perspective to recent results and prospects

Dear all

It is a pleasure for me to announce that the speaker of the  next colloquium   (to be held next week on Wednesday) is Prof Yann Mambrini of LPT, Orsay, France. The first part of talk will start at2:30, followed by a half an hour break at4 pm. Second part will start at4:30. More information can be found in the textbox to the right.

Everybody is welcome to attend

With kind regards

Y. Farzan

Speaker

Prof Yann Mambrini

Affliation

LPT, Orsay, France

Title of talk

  Dark Matter: from an historical perspective to recent results and prospects

عنوان:

ماده تاریک: از منظری تاریخی تا نتایج اخیر و چشم اندازها 

Date and time

Wednesday, 3rd of Azar (23rd of November), 2:30 pm-6 pm

Place

Amphitheatre, Farmanieh building

Abstract

 I will review in this presentation this historical evolution of the concept
 of"Dark Matter", from the first observations of "anomalies" in the 30's until 
the development of the hypothesis of the existence of a dark halo.
 The presentation will be entirely based on  the original historical authors, 
reconstructing (by their ideas but also their mistakes) the
 appearance of a dark side of the Universe. 
The talk will include discussions of original articles by Poincaré, Zwicky, Oort, Jansky,
 Gamow, Peebles, Zeldovich, Bond and many others, opening on the prospect for the near future.

Multipole charge conservation and implications on electromagnetic radiation

School of Physics - HEP Weekly Seminar

عنوان: پایستگی بارهای چندقطبی و نتایج آن در تابش الکترومغناطیس

Title: Multipole charge conservation and implications on electromagnetic radiation

Speaker: Ali Seraj

Affiliation: IPM

Abstract:

We show that conserved charges associated with a specific subclass of gauge symmetries of Maxwell electrodynamics are proportional to the well known electric multipole moments. The symmetries are residual gauge transformations surviving after fixing the Lorenz gauge, and have nontrivial charge. These "Multipole charges" receive contributions both from the charged matter and electromagnetic fields. The former is nothing but the electric multipole moment of the source. In a stationary configuration, there is a novel equipartition relation between the two contributions. The multipole charge, while conserved, can freely interpolate between the source and the electromagnetic field, and therefore can be propagated with the radiation. Using the multipole charge conservation, we obtain infinite number of constraints over the radiation produced by the dynamics of charged matter.

Applications now being accepted for Perimeter Scholars International

Each year, Canada’s Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics recruits approximately 30 exceptional science graduates for an immersive, 10-month physics boot camp: Perimeter Scholars International (PSI) . This unique Master’s program seeks not only students with stellar undergraduate physics track records, but also those with diverse backgrounds, collaborative spirit, creativity, and other attributes that will set them apart as future innovators.

Features of the program include:

    • All student costs (tuition and living) are covered, removing financial and/or geographical barriers to entry

    • Students learn from world-leading theoretical physicists – resident Perimeter researchers and visiting scientists – within the inspiring environment of Perimeter Institute

    • Collaboration is valued over competition; deep understanding and creativity are valued over rote learning and examination

    • PSI recruits worldwide: 85 percent of students come from outside of Canada

    • PSI takes calculated risks, seeking extraordinary talent who may have non-traditional academic backgrounds but have demonstrated exceptional scientific aptitude

PSI is now accepting applications for the class of 2017/18. Please help share this opportunity with colleagues, students, or groups who may be interested:

    • Download, print, and hang this high-resolution poster

    • Direct all to the Perimeter Scholars International website for more information

    • Paste key information below into your websites and blogs

Applications are due by February 1, 2017.

Please note that there is no application fee.

Thank you in advance for helping share the word of this unique opportunity for emerging physics talent.

Best regards,

James Forrest

Academic Programs Director

Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics

31 Caroline St. N.

Waterloo, ON, N2L 2Y5, Canada

[phone]

Key Information for Posting on Websites and Blogs:

Perimeter Scholars International (PSI) is now accepting applications for Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics' unique 10-month Master's program.

Features of the program include:

    • All student costs (tuition and living) are covered , removing financial and/or geographical barriers to entry

    • Students learn from world-leading theoretical physicists – resident Perimeter researchers and visiting scientists – within the inspiring environment of Perimeter Institute

    • Collaboration is valued over competition; deep understanding and creativity are valued over rote learning and examination

    • PSI recruits worldwide: 85 percent of students come from outside of Canada

    • PSI takes calculated risks, seeking extraordinary talent who may have non-traditional academic backgrounds but have demonstrated exceptional scientific aptitude

Apply online at http://perimeterinstitute.ca/apply .

Applications are due by February 1, 2017.

To unsubscribe or to manage your subscriptions click here .

Invitation to Submit Abstract to the 10th International Conference on Magnetic and Superconducting Materials MSM17

The 10th International Conference on Magnetic and Superconducting Materials (MSM17) will be held during 18-21 September, 2017 at Sharif University of Technology in Tehran, Iran. MSM17 is to bring together innovative scientists in physics, chemistry, materials science, electrical engineering, and industrial experts in the field of Magnetism and Superconductivity to a common forum. The primary goal of the conference is to promote research and developmental activities in Magnetism and Superconductivity and promote scientific information interchange.

Observing your excellent scientific contribution, with great pleasure we would like to consider you as a potential author and participant. You are welcome to submit abstracts for presentation. Please register through online: Conference website < http://physics.sharif.ir/~msm17 > .

IMPORTANT/Due to time limitation, we appreciate if you would kindly inform different institutions, your colleagues (international & national), and students of the conference website and deadline for submission of abstract (Feb. 13, 2017) as soon as possible.

Invited Speakers:

(To Be Completed)

E. Antipov , University of Moscow, Russia

C.W. Paul Chu , University of Houston, TX, USA

S. Deemyad , University of Utah, UT, USA

C. Draxl , Institute for Physics, Berlin, Germany

M. Eremets , Max-Planck Institute for Chemistry, Germany

M. Farle , University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany

J. Furdyna , University of Notre Dame, IN, USA

L.H. Greene , Florida State University, FL, USA

X. Jin , Fudan University, Shanghai, China

*T.K. Lee , Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan

*A.J. Leggett , University of Illinois, IL, USA

*B. Maple , University of San Diego, CA, USA

H.R. Ott , LFET, Zurich, Switzerland

W. Pickett , University of Davis, CA, USA

M.K. Wu , Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan

L. Yu , Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China

Topics

I. ­Physics and Chemistry of Materials Synthesis

a- Advances in techniques of obtaining high-quality material.

b- Thin films and quantum structures (quantum wells, quantum wires, quantum dots, superlattices)

c- The physics of surfaces and interfaces

II.­ Physical Properties

a- Electronic properties and band structure.

b- Transport, magneto-transport, magneto-optical properties.

c- Thermodynamic properties, critical phenomena, phase transitions.

d- Flux dynamics, Josephson effect, critical current.

III.­ Special Topics in Magnetism

a- Anomalous quantum Hall effect.

b- Amorphous magnetism, spin glasses.

c- Bio-magnetism.

d- Ferrites, garnets, permanent magnets.

e- Nanomagnetism, quantum dot.

f- Ferrofluids.

g- Magnetic semiconductors.

h- Spintronics and spin transport.

i- Skyrmions and their manipulation.

j- Magnetic imaging and microscopy.

IV. Special Topics in Superconductivity

a- High-Tc cuprates.

b- Fe-based superconductivity.

c- Hydrogen-rich materials, especially at high pressure.

d- Superconductivity at nanoscale.

e- Boron-based superconductivity.

f- Magnetic superconductors.

g- Heavy Fermion.

h- Organic superconductivity.

i- Topological superconductivity; Majorana fermions.

V.­ Thoretical Approaches

a- Low dimensional systems.

b- Frustrated magnetic systems.

c- HTSC mechanism.

d- Magnetic interactions and ordering.

VI.­ Applications

a- Power, HTSC motors, microwave devices, sensors, optoelectronic.

b- Magnetic recording.

c- Medical and pharmaceutical applications of magnetism.

Key Dates:

Deadline for receipt of extended abstract: February 13, 2017

Notice of acceptance sent to authors: March 31, 2017

Preliminary program announced: April 30, 2017

Deadline for receipt of manuscript: June 30, 2017

Deadline for full registration and payment: July 31, 2017

Deadline for cancellation: August 31, 2017

Final program announced: September 10, 2017

Conference commences: September 18, 2017

Conference Secretariat:

Magnet Research Laboratory (MRL)

Department of Physics

Sharif University of Technology

P.O. Box: 11155-9161

Tehran, Iran

Tel: [phone]

Fax: [phone] (Department)

E-Mail: < [e-mail] >

Conference ٌWebsite: http://physics.sharif.ir/~msm17

Best Regards,

MSM17 Executive Committee

The Extraordinary Link Between Deep Neural Networks and the Nature of the Universe

Nobody understands why deep neural networks are so good at solving complex problems. Now physicists say the secret is buried in the laws of physics.

In the last couple of years, deep learning techniques have transformed the world of artificial intelligence. One by one, the abilities and techniques that humans once imagined were uniquely our own have begun to fall to the onslaught of ever more powerful machines. Deep neural networks are now better than humans at tasks such as face recognition and object recognition. They’ve mastered the ancient game of Go and thrashed the best human players.

But there is a problem. There is no mathematical reason why networks arranged in layers should be so good at these challenges. Mathematicians are flummoxed. Despite the huge success of deep neural networks, nobody is quite sure how they achieve their success.

Today that changes thanks to the work of Henry Lin at Harvard University and Max Tegmark at MIT. These guys say the reason why mathematicians have been so embarrassed is that the answer depends on the nature of the universe. In other words, the answer lies in the regime of physics rather than mathematics.

Johns Hopkins researchers want to use big data to chart the brain

 The human brain is the most complex machine in existence. Every brain is loaded with some 100 billion nerve cells, each connecting to thousands of others, giving around 100 trillion connections. Mapping those connections, or synapses, could enable scientists to decipher what causes neurological disease and mental illness. It's an immense, daunting task.

The best way to tackle it? Use large amounts of data, saysMichael I. Miller, a professor in the Department of Biomedical Engineering and University Gilman Scholar. Miller and an interdisciplinary team of Johns Hopkins researchers are merging their neuroscience, computing, and data science expertise to unravel the brain's mysteries and give other scientists tools to do the same.

"We're calling it data-intensive brain science," Miller says.

In early 2016, the team launched the Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute at Johns Hopkins. Miller co-directs the institute with Richard Huganir, director of the Department of Neuroscience at the School of Medicine. They hope to make the KNDI a focal point of brain research, pulling together researchers from across Johns Hopkins Institutions.

In September, 400 international researchers, ethicists, and government officials gathered in New York for a meeting dubbed the United Nations of Brain Projects. Researchers there called for an International Brain Station, modeled after the International Space Station, that would create a digital, cloud-based storehouse of neuroscience data accessible to researchers worldwide.

At Johns Hopkins, a trio of engineering researchers—Miller;Joshua Vogelstein, assistant professor of biomedical engineering; and Randal Burns, professor of computer science—is submitting a grant to create a major U.S. Brain Hub under the domestic BRAIN Initiative launched by President Barack Obama in 2013. The hub would focus on digital, cloud-based data in an effort to support the international effort.

The JHU team is uniquely positioned to create such a hub. Miller—working with Susumu Mori, a professor of radiology at the School of Medicine—is already creating an immense cloud-based library of MRI brain scans taken from children with normal and abnormal brains. Computer software sorts and classifies the images. Doctors can search the library for images that match their patient's most recent scan, helping them diagnose diseases and potentially treat them earlier. The researchers have been adding 3,000 brain scans a month to the databank, Miller says.

Meanwhile, Vogelstein has teamed with Burns to map the brain's connections, which are collectively called the connectomes. TheOpen Connectome Project stores hundreds of terabytes of brain imaging data—mouse brains, in this case. The cloud-based data is free for scientists and the public to access around the world. They can view images, analyze them to identify neurons and synapses using special image-processing tools, and then help annotate them.

"People have charted the Earth from coarse to fine scale," Miller says. "We're developing neurocartography tools that allow you to chart the brain at different scales, in the same way as a road atlas."

ALSO SEE

To the cloud! A grassroots proposal to accelerate brain science discovery

 

/ Neuron

Prachi Patel

Posted in Health, Science+Technology

Tagged neuroscience, computer science, michael miller

On the high-energy IceCube neutrinos_ special seminar

 Prof Sergio Palomares-Ruiz of Valencia Univ is going to give a seminar on neutrino astronomy.

More information can be found  below

Time: 10th of Aban (31st of October), 11 am

Venue: Lecture room A, ground floor

Speaker: Prof Sergio Palomares-Ruiz of Valencia Univ

Title: On the high-energy IceCube neutrinos

 

Abstract: The observation of the first high-energy neutrinos in the IceCube detector at the South Pole has signaled the beginning of neutrino astronomy. After four years of data taking, 53 neutrino events with energies between 20 TeV and 2 PeV have provided the first evidence for the existence of an extraterrestrial neutrino flux at more than 6 sigma. The discovery of this flux has motivated a large number of studies in the literature to unravel their origin, from different scenarios within standard cosmic-ray sources to more exotic possibilities. In this talk, I will describe the evolution of these data and their main features and I will present the results of statistical analyses of different scenarios.

The SCGP Seeks Research Assistant Professors/Postdocs for Fall 2017

The Simons Center for Geometry and Physics is seeking Research Assistant Professors

(postdocs) for three-year terms beginning September 1, 2017.

The full position posting for THEORETICAL PHYSICS candidates can be viewed on Academic

Jobs Online - Theoretical Physics - Application Information. The application deadline

is November 30, 2016.

The full position posting for MATHEMATICS candidates can be viewed on Math Jobs -

Mathematics - Application Information. The application deadline is December 31, 2016.

The Simons Center for Geometry and Physics and Stony Brook University are equal

opportunity/affirmative action employers: women, people of color, individuals with

disabilities, and veterans are especially encouraged to apply.

For more information please visit: Research Assistant Professors for Fall 2017

_______________________________________________________________________________________

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http://scgp.stonybrook.edu/mailing-list/?l=scgpopportunities&a=unsubscribe

Simons Center for Geometry and Physics

Nature Research What can we learn

Dear All 

Nature Index 2016 Australia and New Zealand highlights these countries’ quality natural science research. The supplement focuses on the cities and institutions that contribute the lion’s share, and examines the factors that drive their success. In some instances, local partnerships have played a significant role.

What you’ll discover in Nature Index 2016 Australia and New Zealand:

•	A tale of two cities: Sydney and Melbourne are hotspots of collaboration
•	Where do Australia’s universities invest their research funding?
•	New Zealand makes the most of its natural talents
•	The secrets behind their success: top ANZ institutions in the index

»

The Nature Index is a powerful tool to probe and compare research performance and collaboration within countries, and among them. Explore the data available on our website and discover your institution’s research strengths and partnerships.

Nicky Phillips

Editor, Nature Index

The Nature Index tracks the affiliations of high-quality scientific articles and presents recent research outputs by institution and country.